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favor roundworm shrieked C. elegans roundworm earthworm, the body namely 1 of the most common parasites. Adult parasites in the small intestine, can cause ascariasis. In appending, dog bow premier worm (the dog roundworm) namely a common intestinal parasites in dogs, the larvae transfer in the body, causing visceral larva migrans. Infection rates of up to 71% alternatively extra. Parasitic worms in the body of the small intestine. Eggs casually dismiss, infection in the eggs amplify into the outdoor globe, creature swallowed, the larvae hatch in the small intestine, blood rotation migrate to the lungs, and then amplify into adults into the absorbent tract and its shape is cylindrical, live at the red beef , afterward the necrosis of gray. Both ends of the narrow, surface smooth and fine lines. Female larger taper and should be behind, back-bending male. Chinese name: roundworm C. elegans earthworm like nicknames: worms world: Animalia Phylum: nematode phylum subphylum: bag-shaped profile beast subphyla: the end of the sensor outline: Ascaris head
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Profile form of the adult Ascaris eggs fertilized Ascaris eggs are not fertilized the soil in the development life cycle development of the human body caused by complications of the disease status of adult larvae of lab diagnosis of intestinal ascariasis prevalence and control Introduction to the principles of prevention known as roundworm C. elegans roundworm like earthworm, the parasitic body intestinal nematodes in the greatest shape,
like earthworm roundworm C. elegans
The adult parasites in the human small intestine, causing ascariasis (Ascariasis). Dogs bow first worm (Tosocaracanis), referred to as the dog roundworm, is a common parasite in dogs, but the larvae can migrate in the body, causing visceral larva migrans (Visceral larva migrans, VLM). Adult long cylindrical shape, the shape of worms, live time into roseate or red, white death; surface with fine stripes and two distinct lateral; feminine is about 20-35cm, tail obtuse, male 15-31cm, tail off to the ventral curl. Human intestinal parasitic nematodes in greatest size, elongated cylindrical worms, head and tail ends of a little skinny, the shape of earthworms. Live insects roseate or pale yellow, with thin stripes visible surface and two another lateral. Mouth chasm at the top of the worm, the three weeks were arranged in a triangle lip. Back lips a larger, two sub-ventral lip, slightly smaller. Inner lips with a fine-tooth corner, the external edge of the mastoid. Rectum short, the woman end of the digestive tract opening in the anus, the male then pass into the cloaca. Female is about 20-35cm, up to the individual parasites 49cm, diameter at its widest point is about 3-6mm, the end obtuse. Female reproductive system of double-tube, rolled in the parasites after 2 / 3 part of the original body cavity, vulva in the parasite before, during and 1 / 3 at the junction of the ventral. Male about 15-31cm, diameter at its widest point is about 2-4mm, the ventral tail curl. Male reproductive system as a single tube, coiled in the latter half of the original worm body hole. Has a pair of ivory-like spicule in cloacal before and after a number of the mastoid. Fertilized Ascaris eggs is nearly 45-75 × 35-50μm, broadly elliptical, (due to contact with the bile) was brown
like earthworm roundworm C. elegans
color, wavy surface with a wafer of membrane proteins, containing a massive circular eggs, eggs shell and egg-shaped gap between the moon and stars. Unfertilized Ascaris eggs oblong, about the size of 88-94 × 39-44μm, egg shell involving numerous assorted sizes of the refractive index of the particles. Note: If the Ascaris eggs off membrane protein, into the egg shell is colorless and transparent, should disburse attention to the identification of eggs from additional lines. Development life wheel in soil after eggs from feces of patients, develop in the taint after 2-3 weeks into eggs containing larvae (molting time) and then orally infected with the people body. The evolution of the person body in the small intestine worm larvae escaping from eggs, blood circulation to the lungs (in this peeling double), re-enter the digestive tract, the last peeling period in the small intestine, develop into adults. 1 stage of infection: catching Ascaris eggs (with larvae eggs) 2 infection ways and means: via polluted food, water, handling – oral path infection. 3 migration in vivo: Exit → small intestine → portal vein → liver → right ventricle → lungs → trachea → pharynx → esophagus → stomach → small intestine. 4 parasite place (mature): the small intestine. 5 disease stages: adult and larvae. 6 diagnostic phase: adults, eggs (stool). Diseases caused by adult worms and larvae can cause the disease, the chief mechanism for mechanical harm, susceptivity and intestinal dysfunction. Larvae of the cardinal pulmonary ascariasis. Patients may have omens of lung abscess, such as: fever, cough, asthma, hemoptysis, etc.; blood cells can be increased in acidic particles, X-ray shows infiltrates; lesions constantly hike phenomenon, no more in 1-2 weeks of go away. Larvae may likewise cause liver inflammation and can invade the thyroid gland, spleen, brain, kidney and additional organs leading to ectopic mar. In humans, the larvae intrude the intestinal walls from the two begin to the liver, lung migration and development to the last in the small intestine parasite, can cause tissue harm. In the liver, lungs, the larvae may have around the eosinophil and neutrophil infiltration, and then being transferred to cells, epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant compartment granuloma formation. Which is more obvious lung disease, severe infection, there may be pulmonary hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, such for bronchiectasis and mucus secretion. Patients may develop fever, cough, asthma, bloody sputum and blood eosinophils increased the proportion of clinical omens such as. Part of the patient’s lung xray examination shows infiltrates, lesions often walk phenomenon, and numerous are free to dissipate in 1-2 weeks. This uncomplicated lung inflammatory cell infiltration and blood eosinophils increased extravaganza, namely is called pulmonary ascariasis, likewise understood as Loeffler syndrome. When caustic infection, the larvae can invade the thyroid gland, spleen, brain, kidney and other organs, causing ectopic damage. If the placenta can also be parasitic to the fetus. The main cause for the period of the adult worms, can have the retinue performance: 1. Predatory impact of nutrition and absorption: Ascaris adult human intestine contents for food, coupled with damage to the intestinal mucosa, resulting in human malnutrition. Patients may have loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and intermittent umbilical pain and other symptoms. (2) Allergy: parasite Ascaris allergen is preoccupied by the body can cause allergic responses initiated at IgE. Patients may have urticaria, pruritus, angioedema, and conjunctivitis symptoms. 3 complications: the drilling of the roundworm caused. Parasitic in its context changes, such as the human body, fever, gastrointestinal disease, ingestion of spicy foods and unfit dispose of moth larvae can constantly motivate increased play, easy to drill into the bile duct, pancreatic duct and other beginnings in the walls aboard the supplement a kind of aisles. The most common is ascariasis, emulated by the roundworm can cause pancreatitis, appendicitis, or roundworm granuloma. The main symptoms of the status of ascariasis complications of sudden right upper abdominal cramps, to the right shoulder, back and lower abdominal radiation, intermittent increase, accompanied by nausea and spewing. Parasites into the bile duct can lead to bacterial suppurative cholangitis, cholecystitis, or bile duct necrosis and perforation. Intestinal prevention due to a large number of New Zealand fashioned a group parasites, intestinal blockage caused by motility disorders. Umbilical or clinical declarations of sudden intermittent right lower quadrant pain, not vomiting, abdominal distension, patients with abdominal palpable cord-like mass activity. In rotate can cause intestinal perforation peritonitis. Laboratory Diagnosis 1 fecal examination eggs (fertilized, unfertilized) saline direct tarnish usage can meet the patient
like earthworm roundworm C. elegans
disturb request, it can be precipitated and the floating poly method to amend the revelation rate. 2 sputum retard for lung roundworm larva ascariasis or roundworm larvae cause the diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. 3 deworming treatment diagnostic morphological specifics according to adult identification. Prevalence and control the delivery of worms was a international, especially in the warm, watery districts and poor sanitation, human infection is more common. Roundworm infection in rural zones than urban; children than adults. At present, China’s rustic population in most areas the infection rate is still as high as 60% to 90%. Feces containing Ascaris eggs are fertilized Ascaris infection source of infection, Ascaris eggs in the external environment instantly without the intermediate host the eggs to develop into infection. Moreover, the large roundworm eggs, eggs for external reasons, and so muscular resistance to detrimental elements in the shading of the soil or vegetables, and can live for several months to a annual; vinegar, soy sauce, or pickles, pickled vegetables salt water, neither can slay the eggs. Ascaris eggs are resistant to some chemicals, effectively due to Ascaris egg shell layer of the protective efficacy of glycosides, such as 10% sulfuric sour, hydrochloric sour, nitric acid or phosphoric acid solution and can not affect the development of eggs among the larvae; can be dissolved or transparent for glycosides had roundworm alphabetical solvent layer or gas, such as chloroform, ether, ethanol and alphabetical solvents such as benzene and hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, methyl bromide and carbon monoxide gas is very perceptive to egg or larvae can be given to kill. Use sound processing human garbage without fertilization, or child anywhere in the solution is caused by Ascaris eggs contaminated soil, the main form of vegetable or ground. Chickens, dogs, flies carrying the mechanical, merely also melodrama a role in the scatter of Ascaris eggs. Eggs were due to adjoin with contaminated soil, vegetables, ingestion of oral infection on the fingers spliced to the eggs; or consumption of eggs contaminated lettuce, pickles and fruits, etc., were infected. The throng had infection due to dining raw eggs with sweet potato, carrots and pickles, in a local asthma caused by outbreaks of worms reports; have a burial pit in the dry food because they had not been cleaned from the wall of sugar cane larvae caused dozens of cases of hypersensitivity pneumonitis reported. People infected with roundworm season and regional climate, production activities and other elements, is generally trusted that, chiefly in the spring and summer. In addition, the common roundworm infection and extensive, but also with economy conditions, product, living criteria and cultural level of social factors and health habits are closely narrated. Therefore, economy development, raising the cultural level and to develop agreeable health habits, it ambition make human roundworm infection rate is substantially diluted. Principles of obstruction and the obstruction and treatment of ascariasis, comprehensive amounts should be taken. Including search and parasite treatment, processing waste, manage water and life history of C. elegans roundworm
like earthworm
several ways to prevent infection. Strengthen publicity and pedagogy, universal health wisdom, attention to food hygiene and private hygiene, so before meals, rinse their hands after, do not eat raw vegetables and fruits are not washed, not to drink unboiled water, to prevent the ingestion of Ascaris eggs, reduce the opportunities of infection. Use sound of human excrement as fertilizer, fecal contamination of the environment is hack off to discourage the displacement of roundworm momentous measure. Use of manure as fertilizer in the water areas, 3 pools of 5 grid can be accustomed manure storage method, which enables a cloud of eggs in feces deposited in the bottom. As the role of free ammonia in the manure and anaerobic fermentation, eggs can be killed, but also increase fertilizer efficiency. The use of biogas fermentation, can solve the household lighting, cooking; and advantageous waste treatment and disposal. Be remove about one half of fecal leftovers. At this point, most of the eggs have lost their aptitude to infect. In areas accustom for manure as fertilizer, composting can be used to stamp the mire, 3 days after, the temperature of pellets can be increased to 52 ℃ or higher, you can kill Ascaris eggs. Parasite of patients and de-worming treatment, is one momentous measure 控制传染源. Insecticide treatment can reduce infection rates, reducing the source of infection, but also improve children’s health. Insect time after the peak of infection should fall and winter, computer age children can be a collective medicine. Because of the potentiality of re-infection, so it is best de-worming once every 3-4 months. Insecticide usually used narcotics albendazole, mebendazole, levamisole and piperazine citrate structure (trade name steer citrate), etc., de-worming effects are good, and few side effects. For patients with complications, should be sent to hospital for treatment, not self-medication, to avoid adversely affected by cancer. Open Category: disease, parasites, worms,